Foundation cracks are a common challenge for many homeowners, especially in areas prone to seasonal temperature shifts or heavy rainfall. Whether the cracks are minor or noticeable, a quick response can prevent moisture penetration, structural instability, and costly repairs.
While certain foundation issues may require professional intervention, minor cracks in non-structural areas can usually be addressed as a DIY job. Hydraulic concrete has proven to be one of the most efficient materials for this job. The compound expands rapidly as it cures, making it perfect for plugging and sealing water-leaking cracks.
This step-by-step guide will show you how to solve the problem.
Step 1: Assess The Crack
Examine the crack thoroughly before you mix any material.
- A cracked hairline (less than an eighth inch wide) is typically cosmetic and can be addressed by surface sealing agents.
- Cracks larger than or showing signs of leakage can be filled with hydraulic cement.
A professional should always be consulted before using hydraulic cement on large structural flaws. If you’re not sure, ask for a second view.
Step 2: Gather Your Tools And Materials
To complete the repairs, you’ll also need:
- Hydraulic cement blend
- Safety goggles (gloves)
- Wire brush
- Cold chisels and hammers
- Putty trowel or knife
- Water in a spray or bucket
- The sponge or rag should be clean
You should always work in well-ventilated areas, especially if the cracks are in a basement.
Step 3: Prepare the Crack
A good repair depends on the surface being prepared. Use your cool chisel to widen the cracked area and create a keyway. A V-shaped channel will allow the cement to anchor more securely.
Once the crack has chiselled away, use a wire scrubber on the entire area to remove any debris, dust, or loose cement. Remove any remaining particles with a dampened sponge.
Step 4: Wet The Surface
Hydraulic cement will adhere best to a moist surface. Lightly dampen the crack and the surrounding area. Do not soak it in water, as this can dilute the cement.
Step 5: Mix The Hydraulic Cement
Follow the instructions on the container. Hydraulic cement is a fast-setting product that usually sets within 3-5 minutes. Mix as little as you can within that period.
It should be firm but workable. It may not adhere if it is too thick.
Step 6: Apply The Cement Firmly
Press the cement into cracks using a putty or trowel. Avoid stumbling over air bubbles by starting at the bottom and working your way up. You should slightly overfill cracks to account for shrinkage.
As the cement starts to harden, you need to act quickly. With a gloved hand, press the cement into any gaps that are too narrow or uneven.
To see a visual demonstration of this procedure, you can check out the Family Handyman. The guide includes common troubleshooting tips and visual tips.
Step 7: Smooth the Surface
Use your trowel or a wet sponge to remove the excess cement and smooth the surface. This step helps seal the repair and improve its appearance.
Avoid overworking the concrete, as too much shaping will disrupt the curing.
Step 8: Let It Cure
Do not disturb the area for at least 24 hours. If you are repairing an area that is outside or in extreme temperatures, protect it from the wind, rain, and direct sun.
Step 9: Monitor And Maintain
It’s crucial to continue checking the area after the repair for new cracks. Inspect your basement foundation frequently, particularly after heavy storms or seasonal changes.
To learn more about foundation problems and repair techniques, visit our comprehensive guide how to apply hydraulic cement effectively.
Conclusion
For most DIYers, repairing cracks in foundations with hydraulic concrete is an easy project as long as you take the proper safety precautions. The key is to prepare, work quickly, and choose the best materials.
This method can be used to repair your foundation regardless of your experience. If you see signs of structural settling or cracks that continue to grow, call a pro.
